Lipid Metabolism is nothing but a series of chemical reaction process responsible for the synthesis and breakdown of glycerides, sterols and phospholipids. Lipids are mostly comprised of oxygen, hydrogen and carbon. Glycerides are available in the form of fat which is stored as a fuel purpose, and the remaining two forms sterols and phospholipids where found as cholesterol. Glycerides exist in two forms, chylomicrons and lipoproteins for the purpose of yielding energy when consumed by the cell. Before consuming the glycerides, it must be hydrolyzed as it cannot be taken directly by the tissues.
By the use of carbohydrates, fat cells (adiposities), amino acids and diet, we can obtain fatty acids. These fatty acids are supplied through the body by the blood stream in the form of chylomicrons which are the easiest form to transform energy to the required cells.
Lipolysis, ketosis, lipogenesis and betaoxidation are the metabolic pathways of lipid metabolism.
Beta oxidation and Lipolysis were carried in the cell mitochondria for the removal of two carbons in the form of acetyl CoA from fatty acid cycle, and later enters into the citric acid cycle to produce energy packets (Adenosine triphosphate), water and co2. These are the output products of Lipolysis and beta oxidation metabolic pathways.
If the rate of change of ketones formation by the liver is in high rate due to prolonged starvation, then this ketosis metabolic pathway occurs. This process also occurs when large amount of fat foods are consumed with less carbohydrates content.
The metabolic pathway of lipogenesis occurs in the cytosol of cell membrane. Lipogenesis causes Triglyceride (basic form of glycerides) to synthesize in liver, intestinal mucosa and muscle tissues as these are the main sites for the occurrence of this process. The production of fatty acids is done from hydrolysis of some fats, oxidation of amino acids, glucose and also from the synthesis of acetyl CoA.
Lipid is the only nutrient that contains hydrogen which plays the key role for the formation of glycerides, sterols and phospholipids. Lipids are the organic compounds of fatty acids, glycerolipids, glycerophospholipids, sterol lipids, prenol lipids, saccharolipids and polyketides which are the essential nutrients in building the muscle tissue and organs. Glycerolipids are very essential for building the cell structures. If the presences of glycerolipids are in excess state then it was converted into fat and later used for energy metabolism.
The body exposes to prolonged starvation or illness due to the breakdown of lipids by the inadequate supply of energy .Brain tissues uses the preference of liver for utilizing the organic compounds of lipids in it. Liver cells and kidney cells are the only two organs to contain the lipogenesis pathway which are used for the conversion of this organic compound into fats.
The Lipid metabolism is carried in two path ways:
Lipid catabolism: Lipid catabolism is the process of breaking down the lipid groups (glycerides, sterols and phospholipids) into smaller units for the easy transfer of energy through blood to the cells. Lipid catabolism is also referred to as digestion process of nutrients. Carbon dioxide, water and ATP are the final products of lipid catabolism.
Lipid anabolism: lipid Anabolism is the process of grouping the smaller lipid groups into larger molecules for building up the organs and muscle tissues.
Lipid metabolism disorder causes severe damage to the major organs due to accumulation of excess fatty acids in cells and tissues of brain, liver, nervous system, spleen and bone marrow.
Neurological complications, pains in arms and legs, eye paralysis and muscle tone disease are caused due to the disorder of lipid metabolism.
Related posts:
· Quick tips to increase metabolism
· Nutrition food that increase metabolism
· Cell metabolism and metabolic pathways
· Nutrition metabolism and its disorders
· Protein metabolism and its pathways
· Metabolism diet and metabolism diet plan for a week
· Calcium metabolism and disorders
· Vitamin metabolism and disorders
· Amino acid metabolism its pathways and disorders
· Fatty acid metabolism its pathways and disorders
· Drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics
· How to speed up metabolism and why it is important to have fast metabolism
· Lipid metabolism its pathways and its disorders