What is Fatty acid metabolism: Fatty acids metabolism is a process of yielding energy from the fatty acids to the living organisms by carrying a set of biochemical reactions. Fatty acids are mostly used for the protein modification process in converting energy from one form to another form. In our body, if the glucose presence is in excess rate then it is stored as fat content in the cells. Each cell membrane consists two fatty acids which are useful for the occurrence of metabolism in the living organisms. Triglyceride is one of the chemical compounds of fatty acids which produce more energy than proteins and carbohydrates.
Fatty acid metabolism is carried in two metabolic pathways they are:
Fatty acid catabolism: fatty acid metabolism involves the break down of large fat molecules into smaller units for energy production and for the formation of primary metabolites.
Fatty acid anabolism: fatty acids metabolism involves in grouping the dietary products and biologically molecules into building blocks of cells and tissues.
Fatty acids are commonly referred to carboxylic acid .Fatty acids are comprised by the group of carbons which can be found in saturated or unsaturated mode. Derivation of fatty acids can be carried by hydrolysis process of ester products like animal fat, vegetable fat and wax.Fatty acids are very useful for the body cells and tissues as a source of energy. All the cells and tissues in the body require large quantities of energy packets (ATP) for performing specific functions and this energy packets are produced by the fatty acids by metabolic pathways.
Fatty acids are directly utilized by the skeletal muscle and heart where as brain cannot use fatty acids for fuel, it depends on glucose or ketones. Fatty acid metabolism produces ketones in the liver during low calcium intake or prolonged starvation. Liver is the main site for occurrence of metabolic pathways as it supports many biochemical reactions which are necessary for metabolism.For the fatty acid metabolism process liver play a major role in carrying many functions in the body, like decomposition of fatty acids in red blood cells, glycogen storage, ketones production, plasma protein synthesis and detoxification of drugs. Liver adds an alkaline compound for easy digestion process and also releases bile with the support of fatty acids, which we intake through food.Fatty acids easily undergoes acid-base reactions and esterification process for production of energy packets as a fuel source for cells and tissues. Fatty alcohols are produced by the reduction of fatty acid content .These two reactions are common in both types of fatty acids. An additional process is included for unsaturated fatty acids, called as hydrogenation, which is useful in producing margarine from vegetable oil.
Fatty acid metabolism disorders: If there is any defect in the enzymes of the fatty acids then fatty acid metabolism disorder occurs.Cardiovascular disease, genetic disorders, lipid storage disorders, inborn disorders, acid lipase disease, krabbe disease and fabry disease arises due to the disorder in fatty acids metabolism.
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Tags: Fatty acid metabolism, Fatty acids, Fatty acids metabolism, Metabolism of fatty acids
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